The study was both a prospective and retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study. The aim of the study was to assess the rational use and availability of antimicrobials at primary level health facilities under the Lusaka district community health office, Zambia. Using the WHO methodology and standard indicators of rational medicines use, this study analyzed 800 patient encounters, 520 medicines inventory records, and other baseline data, from 20 small, medium and large designated primary healthcare facilities under the Lusaka district community health office, in Zambia. The results of the study demonstrated irrational prescribing and dispensing of medicines at the 20 health centers, and a need for appropriate interventions.

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Ephraim Phiri is a Public Health, academic and research Pharmacist - currently writing a thesis for MSc. Pharmacology. He gives lectures at Evelyn Hone College and Eden University in Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Pharmacy Practice. He sits in the research Committee for MeTA-Zambia, and is currently a consultant for Howard University in Zambia.