Ronald J. Pestritto's and Thomas G. West's earlier volume The American Founding and the Social Compact addressed the nature of the thought and philosophy of the men who shaped the American founding. In this second volume in a trilogy, Pestritto and West examine the fate of the founders' principles in the nine teeth century, when these principles faced their first great challenges. Support of slavery, culminating in secession and civil war, came from the South; and after the war came positivism, relativism, and radical egalitarianism, which originated in Europe and infiltrated American universities, where intellectuals repudiated the founders' views as historically obsolete and insufficiently concerned with true human liberation. In ten chapters covering major thinkers in nineteenth-century American political thought, contributors discuss the rise and resolution of ideological conflicts in the early generations of the American republic. In Challenges to the American Founding Pestritto and West have compiled an invaluable resource for the roots of the twentieth-century departure in American politics from the political vision of the American founders.

Ronald J. Pestritto is Charles and Lucia Shipley Chair in the American Constitution at Hillsdale College and a Research Fellow of the Claremont Institute. He is the author ofFounding the Criminal Law: Punishment and Political Thought in the Origins of America as well as a forthcoming book on the political thought of Woodrow Wilson.Thomas G. West is Professor of Politics at the University of Dallas and a Senior Fellow of the Claremont Institute. He is the author ofVindicating the Founders: Race, Sex, Class, and Justice in the Origins of America.

Chapter 1 Prologue
Chapter 2 Republicanism and Constitutional Government in the Political Thought of Andrew Jackson
Chapter 3 The Challenge of Pro-Slavery Thought
Chapter 4 John C. Calhoun and the New Science of Race and Politics
Chapter 5 Lincoln, Secession, and Revolution: The Civil War Challenge to the Founding
Chapter 6 Jefferson Davis and Self-Government
Chapter 7 Protecting the Privileges of Citizenship: Founding, Civil War, and Reconstruction
Chapter 8 The Challenges of Positivism, Relativism, and Progressivism
Chapter 9 Theology, Metaphysics, and Positivism: The Origins of the Social Sciences and the Transformation of the American University
Chapter 10 Shoreless Ocean, Sunless Sea: Henry Adams's Democracy
Chapter 11 Walt Whitman's Civic Religion for America
Chapter 12 Jane Addams, Benjamin Franklin, and the Problem of Welfare Dependency
Chapter 13 Woodrow Wilson, American History, and the Advent of Progressivism